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E-Numbers and Children: The 6 Colours With an EU Warning Label

Most E-numbers are ordinary ingredients with a code: E300 is vitamin C, E440 is pectin from fruit. An E-number on a label is not a warning sign by itself.

Six synthetic colours are different. Under EU food additive rules, foods containing them must carry a specific statement on the label: “may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children”. That wording comes from the regulation itself, not from us.

The six colours

E-numberNameUsed as
E102TartrazineYellow colour
E104Quinoline YellowYellow colour
E110Sunset Yellow FCFOrange-yellow colour
E122Carmoisine (Azorubine)Red colour
E124Ponceau 4RRed colour
E129Allura Red ACRed colour

Where they turn up

Brightly coloured sweets, jellies, icing and decorations, some soft drinks and squashes, and imported snacks. Labels list them either by E-number or by name, and the same product can use one format in one country and the other elsewhere — which is why reading the ingredients list matters more than the front of the pack.

What the warning does and doesn't mean

The statement is a labelling requirement so that parents can make their own choice. It is not a ban, and it is not a judgement about a specific child. If your child has a diagnosed condition or dietary requirement, talk to a healthcare professional — see our disclaimer.

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Related: What is E171 (titanium dioxide)? · How KidLabel works